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KMID : 0377619910560070525
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Korean Jungang Medical Journal
1991 Volume.56 No. 7 p.525 ~ p.533
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Nosocomial Infection and Its Prevention on the Basis of Review of Literature
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study is to improve nursing practices in hospitals by finding out the causes of nosocomial infection and presenting preventive countermeasures against them on the basis of recapitulation of existing 58 pieces of articles related.
The causes of nosocomial infection could be divided into two factors: environmental factor includes contaminated air, medical equipments, and medical staffs´ hand; patients factor comprises different kinds of disease, the condition of patients, and diagnostic or remedial treatment of patients. Urinary tract infection, respiratory infection, and post-operative infection were the 3 major infections. These infections come from catheter or tracheostomy used for diagnostic or remedial treatment, contaminated air, and carelessness of medical staffs.
Preventive measures from those infections were found to be as follows:
1) limitation of the number of visitors
2) installation of air-cleaning facilities
3) sterile medical equipments in use
4) periodical check-up of sterile equipments
5) washing of hands after contact with patients
6) use of paper towel
7) avoidance of urinary catheterization and sterile insertion of it if necessary
8) in suction, confirmation of new catheter and gloves, and sterile saline
9) sterilization of vaporizer
10) shortening of operation time and sterile operation
11) careful dosage antibiotics as a preventive measure and dosage of antibiotics for infected patients on the basis of sensitivity test.
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